1) The Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, brought about significant changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transportation.

2) The first consumer digital video recorder (DVR), the TiVo, was introduced in 1999 and allowed users to record and store television programs for later viewing.

3) The national animal of Canada is the beaver.

4) The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, divided the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal, leading to the colonization of the Americas.